Framing Equality: The Politics of Race, Class, Gender in the US, Germany, and the Expanding European Union
نویسنده
چکیده
The European Union is an unprecedented effort to reshape political relations within as well as across national boundaries and formulates a certain ideal for a modern, democratic member state. Moreover, as the contributions in this volume attest, to an unparalleled degree, the EU’s endorsement of gender equality as a fundamental value is part of this ideal and the EU demands, at least discursively, that its member states embrace this principle. However, as the case studies show, the degree to which actual translation of this principle into practice on the ground varies considerably across countries, depending among other aspects such as a stance of the national governments on local political mobilizations. This chapter moves beyond the specifics of the individual case studies to suggest some of the underlying political values engaged both by the EU itself and by these locally mobilized interests. I suggest that the hybridity of the EU model incorporates two competing senses of transnationalism: an orientation to neo-liberalism and economic competitiveness on the global level and a specific regional claim to the distinctive success of “Europe” as a model of modernity and social progress. Given the tension between these two orientations – liberalism and social democracy -manifest in so many of the chapters in this volume, the contrast between the ways that gender has been understood and women incorporated into the polity in Germany and the United States is especially illuminating. The German version of the
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